Colloquia - Fall 2016
August 30 -
"Title: TBA"
Abstract:
September 6 -
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
September 13 - Simona Malace, Norfolk State University
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
September 20 - Bernhardt Adams, Incom, Inc.,
Title: "The Large-Area Picosecond Photon Detector (LAPPDTM ), and Applications in Quantum Optics"
Abstract: A novel photon-detector technology [1], developed recently by a collaboration of Universities, National Laboratories, and Industry, is offering a set of parameters that make it very interesting for quantum-optical applications. LAPPDTM is an ultrafast imaging detector with single-photon sensitivity, based on large (20 cm by 20 cm) microchannel plates that amplify signals from a photocathode, and ultrafast waveform sampling electronics.
It can supply a continuous stream of photon-detection events, resolved spatially to about 0.5 X 0.5 mm2 on an area of 20 X 20 cm2, and temporally to about 50 ps. With further development, a 102-fold improvement in the spatial resolution and a better-than 10-fold improvement in the time resolution are anticipated. With electromagnetic-field modes matched to these resolution elements, it is then possible to determine photon-occupation numbers on a per-mode basis, and in a large phase-space volume. Transverse mode matching can be achieved with diffraction- limited magnification optics, and longitudinally, spectral filtering can be used for coherence times matching the 50-ps time resolution.
Possible applications of this detector will be discussed in photon-correlation experiments of the Hanbury Brown - Twiss type, such as thermal-light ghost imaging.
References
[1] For references and other information, please visit psec.uchicago.edu.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
September 27 - Peter Nellist, Oxford University
Title: "Measuring local crystallographic and electronic structure in materials through atomic resolution electron microscopy"
Abstract:The interaction of electrons with matter has provided science with an invaluable tool to characterise materials. The scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) has emerged as one of the preeminent tools for determining the crystallographic structure and local chemistry of materials at atomic spatial resolution, and is a remarkable instrument. It makes use of one of the brightest sources of radiation known to science. Correctors for the inherent spherical aberration of the imaging lenses allow for the incident electron wavefront to be controlled with picometer precision. High-speed pixelated detectors running at speeds up to 20,000 frames per second have just become available and allow angle-resolved electron scattering to be measured. X-rays, light and secondary electrons generated by the beam-sample interaction can be detected, and the energy-lost by the incident electrons measured at millielectron-volt energy resolution.
In this talk I will demonstrate how these capabilities can address a wide range of materials characterisation challenges. Examples will include determining the 3D structure of catalyst nanoparticles, determining the structure of complex carbon nanostructures, using optical sectioning to measure atomic displacements associated with dislocations, and the use of spectroscopy to investigate the electronic effects of dopants in graphene and the pressure of He bubbles in irradiated metals.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
October 4 -
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
October 11 - Fall Break
October 18 - Thomas Ullrich, Brookhaven National Lab
Title: "The Glue That Binds Us Probing Gluonic Matter With the World's First Electron-Ion Collider"
Abstract: The 2015 Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science in the US recommends a high-energy, high-luminosity polarized Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) as the highest priority for new facility construction. The EIC will, for the first time, precisely image gluons in nucleons and nuclei. It will reveal the origin of the nucleon spin and will explore a new quantum chromodynamics (QCD) frontier of ultra-dense gluon fields, with the potential to discover a new form of gluon matter predicted to be common to all nuclei. This science will be made possible by the EIC's unique capabilities for collisions of polarized electrons with polarized protons, polarized light ions, and heavy nuclei at high luminosity. In my talk I will give an overview of the physics motivation and program of an EIC with a focus on the opportunities for small-x physics in e+A
collisions.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
October 25 - David Lynch, Thule Scientific
Title: "Infrared Spectroscopy of Classical Novae"
Abstract: A nova is a thermonuclear runaway on the surface of white dwarf in a close binary stellar system. Material (mostly hydrogen) flows through the inner Lagrange point and accretes onto the surface of a white dwarf until it reaches ignition temperature, approximately twenty million degrees K. The sudden explosion ejects a small amount of material which rapidly expands, causing the white dwarf to increase in brightness by many orders of magnitude for a few days or weeks. By spectroscopically monitoring the changes in the infrared spectra of novae (along with other observations throughout the spectrum) the physical conditions in the ejected nova shell can be deduced and used to understand the highly nonequilibrium dynamics of novae.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
November 1 - Raymond Chiao. University California, Merced
Title: "The dynamical Casimir effect, and the possibility of laser-like generation of gravitational radiation"
Abstract: In the Dynamical Casimir effect (DCE), an oscillating mirror, which acts like a moving piston, can do work upon vacuum fluctuations in the empty space between it and a fixed, parallel mirror, such that the motion of the mirror can amplify these fluctuations into detectable radiation, in the process of parametric amplification. We propose an experiment to detect the radiation generated in an initially empty high Q superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavity by the action of a flexible superconducting membrane which is driven into motion by pump microwaves filling an identical high Q pump SRF cavity on the other side of the membrane. Above a certain threshold, laser-like action occurs, in which detectable radiation will build up exponentially with time in the empty cavity.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
November 8 - Olga Kochebina, CEA Saclay, France
Title: "From particle physics to medicine: new detection methods for Positron Emission Tomography"
Abstract: New detection methods for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) aim to improve the clinical image quality and decrease injected doses. The PET is a powerful molecular imaging method that plays an important role for diagnosis and investigation in neurological disorders. Brain PET is especially useful for investigating the molecular dysfunctions associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases or multiple sclerosis. It is also of interest in oncology for the detection of small tumors and small metastases. For such studies it is important to improve detection efficiency, spatial resolution and time resolution simultaneously.
Current developments for CaLIPSO (French acronym for Liquid Ionization Calorimeter, Scintillation Position Organometallic) PET scanner will be presented. The first simulation results illustrating the potential of such imager will also be shown.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons arae cordially invited to attend.
November 15
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
November 22
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
November 29
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
December 6 - Senior Thesis Presentations
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
August 30 -
"Title: TBA"
Abstract:
September 6 -
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
September 13 - Simona Malace, Norfolk State University
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
September 20 - Bernhardt Adams, Incom, Inc.,
Title: "The Large-Area Picosecond Photon Detector (LAPPDTM ), and Applications in Quantum Optics"
Abstract: A novel photon-detector technology [1], developed recently by a collaboration of Universities, National Laboratories, and Industry, is offering a set of parameters that make it very interesting for quantum-optical applications. LAPPDTM is an ultrafast imaging detector with single-photon sensitivity, based on large (20 cm by 20 cm) microchannel plates that amplify signals from a photocathode, and ultrafast waveform sampling electronics.
It can supply a continuous stream of photon-detection events, resolved spatially to about 0.5 X 0.5 mm2 on an area of 20 X 20 cm2, and temporally to about 50 ps. With further development, a 102-fold improvement in the spatial resolution and a better-than 10-fold improvement in the time resolution are anticipated. With electromagnetic-field modes matched to these resolution elements, it is then possible to determine photon-occupation numbers on a per-mode basis, and in a large phase-space volume. Transverse mode matching can be achieved with diffraction- limited magnification optics, and longitudinally, spectral filtering can be used for coherence times matching the 50-ps time resolution.
Possible applications of this detector will be discussed in photon-correlation experiments of the Hanbury Brown - Twiss type, such as thermal-light ghost imaging.
References
[1] For references and other information, please visit psec.uchicago.edu.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
September 27 - Peter Nellist, Oxford University
Title: "Measuring local crystallographic and electronic structure in materials through atomic resolution electron microscopy"
Abstract:The interaction of electrons with matter has provided science with an invaluable tool to characterise materials. The scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) has emerged as one of the preeminent tools for determining the crystallographic structure and local chemistry of materials at atomic spatial resolution, and is a remarkable instrument. It makes use of one of the brightest sources of radiation known to science. Correctors for the inherent spherical aberration of the imaging lenses allow for the incident electron wavefront to be controlled with picometer precision. High-speed pixelated detectors running at speeds up to 20,000 frames per second have just become available and allow angle-resolved electron scattering to be measured. X-rays, light and secondary electrons generated by the beam-sample interaction can be detected, and the energy-lost by the incident electrons measured at millielectron-volt energy resolution.
In this talk I will demonstrate how these capabilities can address a wide range of materials characterisation challenges. Examples will include determining the 3D structure of catalyst nanoparticles, determining the structure of complex carbon nanostructures, using optical sectioning to measure atomic displacements associated with dislocations, and the use of spectroscopy to investigate the electronic effects of dopants in graphene and the pressure of He bubbles in irradiated metals.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
October 4 -
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
October 11 - Fall Break
October 18 - Thomas Ullrich, Brookhaven National Lab
Title: "The Glue That Binds Us Probing Gluonic Matter With the World's First Electron-Ion Collider"
Abstract: The 2015 Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science in the US recommends a high-energy, high-luminosity polarized Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) as the highest priority for new facility construction. The EIC will, for the first time, precisely image gluons in nucleons and nuclei. It will reveal the origin of the nucleon spin and will explore a new quantum chromodynamics (QCD) frontier of ultra-dense gluon fields, with the potential to discover a new form of gluon matter predicted to be common to all nuclei. This science will be made possible by the EIC's unique capabilities for collisions of polarized electrons with polarized protons, polarized light ions, and heavy nuclei at high luminosity. In my talk I will give an overview of the physics motivation and program of an EIC with a focus on the opportunities for small-x physics in e+A
collisions.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
October 25 - David Lynch, Thule Scientific
Title: "Infrared Spectroscopy of Classical Novae"
Abstract: A nova is a thermonuclear runaway on the surface of white dwarf in a close binary stellar system. Material (mostly hydrogen) flows through the inner Lagrange point and accretes onto the surface of a white dwarf until it reaches ignition temperature, approximately twenty million degrees K. The sudden explosion ejects a small amount of material which rapidly expands, causing the white dwarf to increase in brightness by many orders of magnitude for a few days or weeks. By spectroscopically monitoring the changes in the infrared spectra of novae (along with other observations throughout the spectrum) the physical conditions in the ejected nova shell can be deduced and used to understand the highly nonequilibrium dynamics of novae.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
November 1 - Raymond Chiao. University California, Merced
Title: "The dynamical Casimir effect, and the possibility of laser-like generation of gravitational radiation"
Abstract: In the Dynamical Casimir effect (DCE), an oscillating mirror, which acts like a moving piston, can do work upon vacuum fluctuations in the empty space between it and a fixed, parallel mirror, such that the motion of the mirror can amplify these fluctuations into detectable radiation, in the process of parametric amplification. We propose an experiment to detect the radiation generated in an initially empty high Q superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavity by the action of a flexible superconducting membrane which is driven into motion by pump microwaves filling an identical high Q pump SRF cavity on the other side of the membrane. Above a certain threshold, laser-like action occurs, in which detectable radiation will build up exponentially with time in the empty cavity.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
November 8 - Olga Kochebina, CEA Saclay, France
Title: "From particle physics to medicine: new detection methods for Positron Emission Tomography"
Abstract: New detection methods for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) aim to improve the clinical image quality and decrease injected doses. The PET is a powerful molecular imaging method that plays an important role for diagnosis and investigation in neurological disorders. Brain PET is especially useful for investigating the molecular dysfunctions associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases or multiple sclerosis. It is also of interest in oncology for the detection of small tumors and small metastases. For such studies it is important to improve detection efficiency, spatial resolution and time resolution simultaneously.
Current developments for CaLIPSO (French acronym for Liquid Ionization Calorimeter, Scintillation Position Organometallic) PET scanner will be presented. The first simulation results illustrating the potential of such imager will also be shown.
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons arae cordially invited to attend.
November 15
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
November 22
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
November 29
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.
December 6 - Senior Thesis Presentations
Title: "TBA"
Abstract:
Presentation: OCNPS 200 @ 3:00 pm
Refreshments: OCNPS Atrium @ 2:30 pm
All interested persons are cordially invited to attend.