Crisis of Fourteenth Century

• Little Ice Age
  • famine, 1315-17
  • city walls, ca. 1340
• Plague (1347-50)
  • bubonic
  • pneumonic
  • septicemic
• Babylonian Captivity of the Church
  • Pope Benedict VIII - unam sanctam (1302)
  • Avignon papacy (1305-1378)
  • Great Schism (1378 - 1415)
    • Clement VII
    • Urban VI
    • Martin V
  • Council of Constance (1415)
    • ecumenical
    • conciliarism (vs. infallability)
    • John Hus (1369-1415)
• 100 Years' War

Renaissance Art I

asceticism
mendicants
Brethren of the Common Life

• Thomas à Kempis, Imitation of Christ (1418)

body and spirit

• Romans 7:14-25
• Matthew 26:40-41

Pantocrator
Patiens (patior, to suffer)
Cult of the Virgin
allegory
naturalism