CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS AND BOOK CHAPTERS

Journal Publications on Bioelectrics, Plasma and Pulsed Power

2008

J. F. Kolb, A.-A H. Mohamed, R. O. Price, R. J. Swanson, A. Bowman, R. L. Chiavarini, M. Stacey, and K. H. Schoenbach, "Cold atmospheric pressure air plasma jet for medical applications," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 241501 (2008).

Schoenbach, K. H.; Xiao, S.; Joshi, R. P.; Thomas Camp, J.; Heeren, T.; Kolb, J. F.; Beebe, S. J., "The Effect of Intense Subnanosecond Electrical Pulses on Biological Cells," Plasma Science, IEEE Transactions on , vol.36, no.2, pp.414-422, April 2008.

Ravindra P. Joshi, Ashutosh Mishra, Jiahui Song, Andrei G. Pakhomov, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Simulation studies of ultrashort, high-intensity electric pulse induced action potential block in whole-animal nerves,” IEEE Trans. Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 1391-1398, April 2008.

Andrea de Angelis, Juergen F. Kolb, Luigi Zeni, Karl H.. Schoenbach, “Kilovolt Blumlein pulse generator with variable pulse duration and polarity,” Review of Scientific Instruments, 79, 044301 (2008).

Jue Zhang, Peter F. Blackmore, Barbara Y. Hargrave, Shu Xiao, Stephen J. Beebe, Karl H. Schoenbach, “Nanosecond pulse electric field (nanopulse): A novel non-ligand agonist for platelet activation,” Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 471 (2008), 240-248.

Karl Schoenbach, Juergen Kolb, Shu Xiao, Sunao Katsuki, Yasushi Minamitano, Ravindra Joshi, “Electrical breakdown of water in microgaps,” Plasma Sources Science and Technology, 17 (2008) 024010.

2007

Andrei G. Pakhomov, Juergen F. Kolb, Jody A. White, Ravindra P. Joshi, Shu Xiao, and Karl H. Schoenbach, "Long-lasting plasma membrane permeabilization in mammalian cells by nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF),” J. Bioelectromagnetics, 28, Iss. 8, pp. 655-663 (2007)

Nianyong Chen, Allen L. Garner, George Chen, Yu Jing, Yuping Deng, R. James Swanson, Juergen F. Kolb, Stephen J. Beebe, Ravindra P. Joshi, Karl H. Schoenbach, “Nanosecond electric pulses penetrate the nucleus and enhance speckle formation,” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 364 (2007) 220-225.

Karl H. Schoenbach, Barbara Hargrave, Ravindra P. Joshi, Juergen F. Kolb, Richard Nuccitelli, Christopher Osgood, Andrei Pakhomov, Michael Stacey, R. James Swanson, Jody A. White, Shu Xiao, Jue Zhang, “Bioelectric effects of intense nanosecond pulses,” IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol 14, No. 5; October 2007.

Y. Sun, S. Xiao, J. A. White, J. F.Kolb, M. Stacey and K. H. Schoenbach, “Compact, nanosecond, high repetition rate, pulse generator for bioelectric studies,” IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol 14, No. 4; August 2007.

Andrei G. Pakhomov, Rachael Shevin, Jody A. White, Juergen F. Kolb, Olga N. Pakhomova, Ravindra P. Joshi, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Membrane permeabilization and cell damage by ultrashort electric field shocks,” Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vol. 465 (1), pp. 109-118, (2007).

Allen L Garner, George Chen, Nianyong Chen, Viswanadham Sridhara, Juergen F Kolb, R. James Swanson, Stephen J Beebe, Ravindra P Joshi, Karl H Schoenbach, “Ultrashort Electric Pulse Induced Changes in Cellular Dielectric Properties,” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 362 (2007) 139-144.

R. P. Joshi, A. Mishra, Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, A. Pakhomov, “Self-consistent analyses for potential conduction block in nerves by an ultrashort high-intensity electric pulse,” Phys Rev E,75 (061906) 2007.

E.M. Hall, K.H. Schoenbach, and S.J. Beebe, “Nanosecond pulsed electric fields induce apoptosis in p53-wildtype and p53-null HCT116 colon carcinoma cells,” Apoptpsis (2007) 12:1721-1731.

R. P. Joshi, A. Nguyen, V. Sridhara, Q. Hu, R. Nuccitelli, S. J. Beebe, J. Kolb, and K. H. Schoenbach, "Simulations of intracellular calcium release dynamics in response to a high-intensity, ultrashort electric pulse", Phys Rev E,75 (041920) 2007.

U. Pliquett, R.P. Joshi, V. Sridhara, K.H. Schoenbach, "High electrical field effects on cell membranes," Bioelectrochemistry, 70 (2007) 2750282.

Tammo Heeren, J. Thomas Camp, Juergen F. Kolb, Karl H. Schoenbach, Sunao Katsuki, Hidenori Akiyama, “250kV Sub-nanosecond pulse generator with adjustable pulse-width,” IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol. 14, No. 4, August 2007.

W. Zhu, N. Takano, K. H. Schoenbach, D. Guru, J. McLaren, J. Heberlein, R. May, and J. R. Cooper, “Direct current planar excimer source,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys, 40 (2007) 3896-3906.

Emily H. Hall, Karl H. Schoenbach and Stephen J. Beebe, “Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) have differential effects on cells in the S-phase,” DNA and Cell Biology, Vol 26, No 3, pp. 160-171, 2007

2006

Kerfoot Walker III, Olga N. Pakhomova, Juergen Kolb, Karl Schoenbach, Bruce E. Struck, Michael R. Murphy, and Andrei G. Pakhomov, “Oxygen enhances lethal effect of high-intensity, ultrashort electrical pulses,” Bioelectromagnetics 27 (2006).

J.F. Kolb, S. Kono, K.H. Schoenbach, “Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Generators for the Study of Subcellular Effects,” Bioelectromagnetics 27 (3), 2006, pp. 172-187.

Karl H. Schoenbach, Richard Nuccitelli, and Stephen J. Beebe, ZAP: Extreme Voltage could be a Surprisingly Delicate Tool in the Fight against Cancer, IEEE Spectrum, August 2006, Vol. 43, No. 8, pp. 20-26.

W. Frey, J. A. White, R. O. Price, P. F. Blackmore, R. P. Joshi, R. Nuccitelli, S. J. Beebe, K. H. Schoenbach, and J. F. Kolb, “Plasma membrane voltage changes during nanosecond pulsed electric field exposure,” Biophysical Journal, Volume 90, May 2006, 3608-3615.

Richard Nuccitelli, Uwe Pliquett, Xinhua Chen, Wentia Ford, R. James Swanson, Stephen J. Beebe, Juergen F. Kolb, Karl H. Schoenbach, Nanosecond Pulsed electric fields cause melanomas to self-destruct, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (BBRC), 343, 351 (2006).

J. Qian, R. P. Joshi, K. H. Schoenbach, J. R. Woodworth and G. Sarkisov, "Model Analysis of Self- and Laser-Triggered Electrical Breakdown of Liquid Water for Pulsed Power Applications," IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 34, 1680-1691 (2006).

Qin Hu, Viswanadham Sridhara, Ravindra P. Joshi, Juergen F. Kolb, Karl H. Schoenbach, “Molecular dynamics analysis of high electric pulse effects on bilayermembranes containing DPPC and DPPS,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 34, 1405-1411 (2006).

S. Xiao, J. Kolb, M. A. Malik, X. Lu, M. Laroussi, R. P. Joshi, K. H. Schoenbach, "Electrical Breakdown and Dielectric Recovery of Propylene Carbonate," IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 34, 1653-1661 (2006).

Nobuhiko Takano and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Self-organization in cathode boundary layer discharges in xenon,” Plasma Sources Sci. Technology, 15 S109-S117 (2006).

K. H. Becker, K. H. Schoenbach, and J. G. Eden, “Microplasmas and applications,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 39 (2006) R55-R70.

2005

Emily H. Hall, Karl H. Schoenbach and Stephen J. Beebe, “Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) induce direct electric field effects and biological effects on human colon carcinoma cells,” DNA and Cell Biology, Vol 24, No 5, pp. 283-291, 2005.

Stephen J. Beebe and Karl H. Schoenbach, Nanosecond pulsed electric fields: A new stimulus to activate intracellular signaling,: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2005:4 (2005) 297-300.

Q. Hu, R. P. Joshi, and K. H. Schoenbach, Simulations of nanopore formation and phosphatidylserine externalization in lipid membranes subjected to a high-intensity, ultrashort electric pulse, Physical Review E 72, 031903 (2005)

Ephrem Tekle, Hammou Oubrahim, Sergey M. Dzekunov, Juergen F. Kolb, Karl H. Schoenbach, and P. B. Chock, Selective field effects on intracellular vacuoles and vesicle membranes with nanosecond electric pulses, Biophysical Journal, Volume 89, July 2005, 274-284.

Q. Hu, S. Viswanadham, R. P. Joshi, K. H. Schoenbach, S. J. Beebe, and P. F. Blackmore, “Simulations of transient membrane behavior in cells subjected to a high-intensity ultrashort electric pulse,” Physical Review E 71, 031914 (2005).

L-D. Biborosch, I. Petzenhauser, Byung-Joon Lee, K. Frank, K. H. Schoenbach, “Excimer emission of open and closed microhollow discharges in xenon,” Romanian Journal of Physics, vol 50, Nos. 7-8, p.711-722, Bucharest, 2005.

Chunqi Jiang, Abdel-Aleam H. Mohamed, Robert H. Stark, James H. Yuan, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Removal of volatile organic compounds in atmospheric pressure air by means of direct current glow discharges.” IEEE Tranactions on Plasma Science,” 33, 4, August 2005.

J. Qian, R.P. Joshi, J. Kolb, K.H. Schoenbach, J. Dickens, A. Neuber, M. Butcher, M. Cevallos, H. Krompholz, E. Schamiloglu, J. Gaudet, “Microbubble- based model analysis of liquid breakdown initiation by a submicrosecond pulse,” Journal of Applied Physics 97, 113304 (2005).

K.H. Becker, N.M. Masoud, K.E. Martus, and K.H. Schoenbach, “Electron-driven processes in high-pressure plasmas,” Eur. Phys. J. D, (2005) 10.1140/epjd/e2005-00199-0

Muhammad Arif Malik, Yasushi Minamitani, and Karl. H. Schoenbach, “Comparison of catalytic activity of aluminum oxide and silica gel for decomposition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a plasmacatalytic reactor,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Science, 33, 50 (2005).

Muhammad Arif Malik, Yasushi Minamitani, Shu Xiao, Juergen F. Kolb, and Karl H. Schoenbach. “Streamers in water filled wire-cylinder and packed-bed reactors,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 33, No. 2, April 2005.

2004

Allen L. Garner, Nianyong Chen, Jing Yang, Juergen Kolb, R. James Swanson, Stephen J. Beebe, Ravindra P. Joshi, and Karl H. Schoenbach, Time Domain Dielectric Spectroscopy Measurements of HL-60 Cells Suspensions after Microsecond and Nanosecond Electrical Pulses, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 32, 2073 (2004).

E.S. Buescher, R.R. Smith, K.H. Schoenbach, Submicrosecond, intense pulsed electric field effects on intracellular free calcium: mechanism and effects, IEEE Trans Plasma Science 32, 1563 (2004).

R. P. Joshi, Q. Hu and K. H. Schoenbach, "Modeling Studies of Cell Response to Ultrashort, High-Intensity Electric Fields Implications for Intracellular Manipulation", IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 32, 1677 (2004).

Schoenbach, K.H.; Joshi, R.P.; Kolb, J.F.; Chen, N.; Stacey, M.; Blackmore, P.F.; Buescher, E.S.; Beebe, S.J., Ultrashort Electrical Pulses Open a New Gateway Into Biological Cells Proceedings of the IEEE 92, 7, 1122 1137 (July 2004).

S. J. Beebe, P.F. Blackmore, J. White, R.P. Joshi, and K. H. Schoenbach, Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields Modulate Cell Function Through Intracellular Signal Transduction Mechanisms, Physiological Measurement 25, 1077 (2004).

Jody A. White, Peter F. Blackmore, Karl H. Schoenbach, and Stephen J. Beebe, Stimulation of Capacitative Calcium Entry in HL-60 Cells by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields J Biol. Chem., 279, No. 22, 2296422972 (May 28, 2004).

R.P. Joshi, Q. Hu, K.H. Schoenbach, and S.J. Beebe, Energy-Landscape-Model Analysis for Irreversibility and Its Pulse-Width Dependence in Cells Subjected to a High-Intensity, Ultrashort Electric Pulse, Phys. Rev. E, 69 (2004).

Andrei G. Pakhomov, Amy Phinney, John Ashmore, Kerfoot Walker III, Juergen Kolb, Susumu Kono, Karl H. Schoenbach, and Michael R. Murphy, “Characterization of the Cytotoxic Effect of High-Intensity, 10-ns Duration Electrical Pulses,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Science., 32, 1579 (2004).

R.P. Joshi, J. Qian, G. Zhao, J. Kolb, K.H. Schoenbach, E. Schamiloglu, and J. Gaudet, “Are Microbubbles Necessary for the Breakdown of Liquid Water Subjected to a Sub-microsecond Pulse?” J. Appl. Phys. 96, 5129 (2004).

R. P. Joshi, J. Qian, K. H. Schoenbach, and E. Schamiloglu, “Microscopic analysis for water stressed by high electric fields in the prebreakdown regime,” J. Appl. Phys 96, 3617-3625 (2004).

John A. Gaudet, Robert J. Barker, C. Jerald Buchenauer, Christos Christodoulou, James Dickens, Martin A. Gundersen, Hermann G. Krompholz, Ravindra P. Joshi, Juergen F. Kolb, András Kuthi, Mounir Laroussi, Andreas Neuber, William Nunnally, Edl Schamiloglu, Karl H. Schoenbach, J. Scott Tyo, and Robert J. Vidmar, Invited Paper ,“Research Issues in Developing Compact Pulsed Power for High Peak Power Applications on Mobile Platforms,” Proc. IEEE, 92, 1144-1165 (2004).

Mohamed Moselhy and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Excimer emission from cathode boundary layer discharges” J Appl Phys. 95, 1642 (2004).

K.H. Schoenbach, M. Moselhy, and W. Shi, “Selforganization in Cathode Boundary Layer Microdischarges,” Plasma Sources Scie. Technol. 13, 177 (2004).

Shu Xiao, Juergen Kolb, Susumu Kono, Sunao Katsuki, Ravindra P. Joshi, M. Laroussi, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “High Power Water Switches: Postbreakdown Phenomena and Dielectric Recovery,” IEEE Trans. on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 11, 604-612 (2004).

Nianyong Chen, Karl H Schoenbach, Juergen F Kolb, R James Swanson, Allen L Garner, Jing Yang, Ravindra P Joshi, and Stephen J Beebe, Leukemic Cell Intracellular Responses to Nanosecond Electric Fields, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. (BBRC) 317, 421 (2004).

2003

Stephen J. Beebe, Jody White, Peter F. Blackmore, Yuping Deng, Kenneth Somers, and Karl H. Schoenbach, Diverse Effects of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields on Cells and Tissues, DNA Cell Biol. Vol. 22, No. 12, 785-796 (2003).

M. Stacey, J. Stickley, P. Fox, V. Statler, K. Schoenbach, S.J. Beebe, S. Buescher, Differential Effects in Cells Exposed to Ultra-Short, High Intensity Electric Fields: Cell Survival, DNA Damage, and Cell Cycle Analysis, Mutation Research 542, 65 (2003).

R. P. Joshi, Q. Hu and K. H. Schoenbach, Dynamical Modeling of Cellular Response to Short High-Intensity Electric Fields,'' Invited Paper, IEEE Trans. on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 10, 778 (2003).

E. Stephen Buescher and Karl H. Schoenbach, The Effects of Submicrosecond, High Intensity Pulsed Electric Fields on Living Cells Intracellular Electromanipulation, Invited Paper, IEEE Trans. on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 10, 788 (2003).

Stephen J. Beebe, Paula M. Fox, Laura J. Rec, E. Lauren K. Willis, and Karl H. Schoenbach, Nanosecond, High Intensity Pulsed Electric Fields Induce Apoptosis in Human Cells, FASEB J. 17: 1493 (2003) print FASEB J. 10.1096//fj.02-0859fje online (June 17, 2003)

J. Deng, K.H. Schoenbach, E.S. Buescher, P.S. Hair, P.M. Fox, and S.J. Beebe, The Effects of Intense Submicrosecond Electrical Pulses on Cells, Biophysical Journal 84, 2709 (2003).

P.S. Hair, K.H. Schoenbach, and E.S. Buescher, Sub-Microsecond, Intense Pulsed Electric Field Applications to Cells Show Specificity of Effects, J. Bioelectrochemistry, 61 (2003) 65-72.

R. Mohan Sankaran, Konstantinos P. Giapis, Mohamed Moselhy, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Argon Excimer Emission From High-pressure Microdischarges in Metal Capillaries, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 4728 (2003).

Isfried Petzenhauser, Leopold D. Biborosch,Uwe Ernst, Klaus Frank, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Comparison Between the Ultraviolet Emission From Pulsed Microhollow Cathode Discharges in Xenon and Argon” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 4297 (2003).

Mohamed Moselhy, Isfried Petzenhauser, Klaus Frank, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Excimer Emission From Microhollow Cathode Argon Discharges” J. Phys. D: Appl Phys. 36, 2922 (2003).

K.H. Schoenbach, M. Moselhy, W. Shi, and R. Bentley, “Microhollow Cathode Discharges,” Invited Paper, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology 21, 4 (2003).

R.P. Joshi, J. Qian, S. Katsuki, K.H. Schoenbach and E. Schamiloglu, “Electrical Conduction in Water Revisited: Roles of Field Enhanced Dissociation and a Reaction Based Boundary Condition,” IEEE Trans. on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 10, 225 (2003).

James C. Weaver and Karl H Schoenbach, “Bioelectrics,” IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 10, 715 (2003).

2002

R.P. Joshi and K.H. Schoenbach, Mechanism for Membrane Electroporation Irreversibility Under High-Intensity, Ultrashort Electrical Pulse Conditions, Phys. Rev. E. 66, 052901 (2002)

R. P. Joshi, Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, and S. J. Beebe, Simulations of Electroporation Dynamics and Shape Deformations in Biological Cells Subjected to High Voltage Pulses, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 30, 1536 (2002).

R. P. Joshi, Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, and H. P. Hjalmarson, Improved Energy Model for Membrane Electroporation in Biological Cells Subjected to Electrical Pulses", Phys. Rev. E 65, 041920 (2002).

G. Yu, E. Coln, K.H. Schoenbach, M. Gellerman, P. Fox, L. Rec, S. Beebe, and S. Liu, A Study on Biological Effects of Low-Intensity Millimeter Waves, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 30, 1489 (2002).

A. Abou-Ghazala, S. Katsuki, K.H. Schoenbach, F.C. Dobbs, and K.R. Moreira, Bacterial Decontamination of Water by Means of Pulsed Corona Discharges, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 30, 1449 (2002).

R.P. Joshi, Q. Hu, K.H. Schoenbach, and H.P. Hjalmarson, Theoretical Predictions of Electro-Mechanical Deformation of Cells Subjected to High Voltages for Membrane Electroporation, Phys. Rev. E 65, (2002)

Karl H. Schoenbach, Sunao Katsuki, Robert H. Stark, Stephen Beebe, and Stephen Buescher, Bioelectrics New Applications for Pulsed Power Technology, Invited Paper, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 30, 293 (2002).

S.J. Beebe, P.M. Fox, L.J. Rec, K. Somers, R.H. Stark and K.H. Schoenbach Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field (nspef) Effects on Cells and Tissues: Apoptosis Induction and Tumor Growth Inhibition, Invited Paper, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 30, 286 (2002).

R.P. Joshi, J. Qian, and K.H. Schoenbach, “Electrical Network Based Time-Dependent Model of Electrical Breakdown in Water,” J. Appl. Phys. 92, 6245 (2002).

J. Qian, R. P. Joshi, K. H. Schoenbach, E. Schamiloglu, and C. Christodoulou, "Percolative Model Of Electric Breakdown In Liquid Dielectrics", IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 30, 1931 (2002).

S. Katsuki, H. Akiyama, A. Abou-Ghazala, and K.H. Schoenbach, “Parallel Streamer Discharges Between Wire and Plane Electrodes in Water,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 9, 498 (2002).

Kurt H. Becker, Peter F. Kurunczi, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Collisional and Radiative Processes in High-Pressure Discharge Plasmas,” Invited Paper, Physics of Plasmas 9, 2399 (2002).

Mohamed Moselhy, Wenhui Shi, Robert H. Stark, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “A Flat Glow Discharge Excimer Radiation Source,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 30, 198 (2002).

Abdel-Aleam H. Mohamed, Rolf Block, and Karl H. Schoenbach “Direct Current Glow Discharges in Atmospheric Air,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 30, 182 (2002).

2001

R.P. Joshi, Q. Hu, R. Aly, K.H. Schoenbach, and H.P. Hjalmarson, Self-Consistent Simulations of Electroporation Dynamics in Biological Cells Subjected to Ultrashort Electrical Pulses, Phys. Rev. E 64, (2001).

Karl H. Schoenbach, Stephen J. Beebe, and E. Stephen Buescher, Intracellular Effect of Ultrashort Electrical Pulses, J. Bioelectromagnetics 22, 440 (2001).

Mohamed Moselhy, Wenhui Shi, Robert H. Stark, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Xenon Excimer Emission from Pulsed Microhollow Cathode Discharges,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 1240 (2001).

M. Moselhy, R.H. Stark, K.H. Schoenbach, and U. Kogelschatz, “Resonant Energy Transfer from Argon Dimers to Atomic Oxygen in Microhollow Cathode Discharges,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 880 (2001).

Robert H. Stark and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Electron Heating in Pulsed Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges,” J. Appl. Phys. 89, 3568 (2001).

2000

Karl H. Schoenbach, Ravindra P. Joshi, Robert H. Stark, Frederick Dobbs, and Stephen J. Beebe, Bacterial Decontamination of Liquids with Pulsed Electric Fields, Invited Paper, IEEE Trans. on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 7, 637 (2000).

R.P. Joshi and K.H. Schoenbach, Electroporation Dynamics in Biological Cells Subjected to Ultrafast Electrical Pulses: A Numerical Simulation Study, Phys. Rev. E 62, 1025 (2000).

A. Ghazala and K.H. Schoenbach, Biofouling Prevention with Pulsed Electric Fields, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 28, 115 (2000).

Ahmed El-Habachi, Wenhui Shi, Mohamed Moselhy, Robert H. Stark, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Series Operation of Direct Current Xenon Chloride Excimer Sources,” J. Appl. Phys. 88, 3220 (2000).

Frank Leipold, Robert H. Stark, Ahmed El-Habachi, and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Electron Density Measurements in an Atmospheric Pressure Air Plasma by Means of IR Heterodyne Interferometry” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 33, 2268 (2000).

Karl H. Schoenbach, Frank E. Peterkin, Raymond W. Alden, and Stephen Beebe, The Effect of Pulsed Electric Fields on Biological Cells: Experiments and Applications, Invited Paper, Trans. Plasma Science, 25, 284 (1997).

1999

Robert H. Stark and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Direct Current Glow Discharges in Atmospheric Air,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 3770 (1999).

W. Shi, R.H. Stark, and K.H. Schoenbach, “Parallel Operation of Microhollow Cathode Discharges,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Science 27, 16 (1999).

1998

Ahmed El-Habachi and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Generation of Intense Excimer Radiation from High-Pressure Hollow Cathode Discharges,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 885 (1998).

Ahmed El-Habachi and Karl H. Schoenbach, “Emission of Excimer Radiation from Direct Current, High Pressure Hollow Cathode Discharges,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 22 (1998).

1997

Karl H. Schoenbach, Frank E. Peterkin, Raymond W. Alden, and Stephen Beebe, “The Effect of Pulsed Electric Fields on Biological Cells: Experiments and Applications,” Invited Paper, Trans. Plasma Science, 25, 284 (1997).

Karl H. Schoenbach, Ahmed El-Habachi, Wenhui Shi, and Marco Ciocca, “High Pressure Hollow Cathode Discharges,” Plasma Sources Science and Technology 6, 468 (1997).

1996

K. H. Schoenbach, C. A. Verhappen, T. Tessnow, F. E. Peterkin, and W. W. Byszewski, “Microhollow Cathode Discharges,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 13 (1996).